The reproductive system is mostly derived from a group of embryonic cells which make up the genital disc. Both female and male sexes originate from the same cellular precursors which will give rise to genitalia and analia. The regulation of sex is what determines the development of the male or female structures, in humans, as well as in Drosophila. Size is a key characteristic of the genitalia and analia. How and by how much the genital precursors grow depends on the regulation of sex, which in turn fundamentally depends on the differential regulation of the pro-apoptotic gene hid and JNK-mediated processes which are analyzed in Arias et al. pp 17-27 in the current issue. Images on the left: longitudinal sections of the same wild type male genital disc (ventral to the top and dorsal to the bottom). Nuclei are indicated in red and analia precursor cells are labeled green. Image on the right: the adult structures that are derived from the male genital disc.
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