TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ecosystems of invasion and metastasis in mammary morphogenesis and cancer
AU  - Mareel, Marc
AU  - Constantino, Susana
T2  - The International Journal of Developmental Biology
AB  - The present review describes molecular and cellular mechanisms of cancer invasion and metastasis as compared to mammary gland development considering communication inside and between ecosystems. At the level of the individual cell, invasion programs are written by an ecosystem of signalling pathways each of which steers several invasion-related cellular activities. At the supracellular level, communication within the epithelial compartment involves cells of the same origin, but with different phenotypes including stem cells.  A similar interaction occurs between the various cells of the stromal compartment. Crucial for our understanding of tumor or mammary gland ecosystems are the mutual interactions between cells of the epithelial and cells of the stromal compartment. An update is provided for endothelial cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts and macrophages that are implicated in angiogenesis, desmoplasia and inflammation respectively. At the level of the organism, distant ecosystems, comprising primary tumor site, sites of metastasis, bone marrow and endocrine glands among others, are in continuous contact through circulating cells and soluble ligands. Our review suggests consideration of these ecosystems when designing therapeutic strategies.
PY  - 2011
DO  - 10.1387/ijdb.113386mm
VL  - 55
IS  - 7-8-9
SP  - 671
EP  - 684
J2  - Int. J. Dev. Biol.
LA  - en
SN  - 0214-6282
SN  - 1696-3547
UR  - https://ijdb.ehu.eus/article/113386mm
Y2  - 2024/11/21/18:26:49
ER  -